bacteria have 5 main parts, flagella, fimbriae, pilus, plasmid, and the chromosomal DNA.

• Flagella helps the bacteria to move by creating a wave-like movement, it takes its energy from ATP

• Fimbriae helps in attaching to other bacteria and other things.

• Pilus is sex pilus, it helps in reproducing.

• The plasmid is a set of genes that help in making pilous/sex pilus.

• The Chromosomal DNA of the bacteria takes care of the movement, respiration, and other things.

Structure of flagella:

Above you can see the picture of a Lophotrichous bacteria:

There are a few types/configurations of flagella:

Monotrichchus: Where there is only one strand of flagella from one side.

Lophotrichous: Where there is more than one strand on one side.

Amphitrichous: Where there is one strand on both sides.

Peritrichous: Where there are many strands all around the bacteria.

Fimbriae vs Pilus:

Fimbriae:

• Shorter

• Thinner

• More number

• Fimbriae are formed from the bacterial chromosome

Pilus:

• Longer

• Thicker

• Less number

• Pilus are formed from plasmids.