• the speed camera calculate the speed of each passing cars

• Speed can be measured by:

  
  

  Speedometer (in vehicles) – measures in real-time.

  GPS – tracks position over time to calculate speed.

  Formula – using distance and time:

  Speed

  =

  Distance

  Time

  Speed=

  Time

  Distance

  ​

  .

  Radar Gun – measures speed of moving objects (e.g., in sports or by law enforcement).

  Motion Sensors – detect changes in velocity or acceleration.

  Timing a Known Distance – measure time to travel a set distance and calculate speed.

FRACTION OF A SECOND

A fraction of a second refers to a portion or a small part of one second. Seconds can be divided into smaller units to measure very precise time intervals. Common fractions of a second include:

Milliseconds (ms): One thousandth of a second (1/1000 of a second).

1 millisecond = 0.001 seconds.

Microseconds (µs): One millionth of a second (1/1,000,000 of a second).

1 microsecond = 0.000001 seconds.

Nanoseconds (ns): One billionth of a second (1/1,000,000,000 of a second).

1 nanosecond = 0.000000001 seconds.

These units are used to measure extremely short durations of time, such as in high-speed processes, scientific experiments, or computing.

LIGHT GATES OF SPEED .

A light gate is a device used to measure the speed of an object. It works by using a light beam and a sensor. When an object passes through the beam, it breaks the light, and the sensor records the time.

How it works:

Place two light gates a certain distance apart.

When the object passes through the first gate, it interrupts the light, starting the timer.

The object breaks the light at the second gate, stopping the timer.

Then, speed is calculated using the formula:

Speed

=

Distance

Time

Speed=

Time

Distance

​

So, if the object travels 2 meters in 0.5 seconds, the speed is:

Speed

=

2

 meters

0.5

 seconds

=

4

 meters per second (m/s)

Speed=

0.5 seconds

2 meters

​

=4 meters per second (m/s)

Uses:

In science experiments to measure speed.

In sports to time runners or vehicles.

In engineering to check the speed of machines.