What is a Paradox
A paradox in writing is a statement that appears to contradict itself but upon further inspection reveals a deeper truth, meaning, or joke. A physical paradox is an apparent contradiction in physical descriptions of the universe.
There are 3 types of Paradox :
Falsidical Paradox
Veridical Paradox
Antinomy Paradox
Falsidical Paradox
A falsidical paradox is a statement or question that appears logical but leads to an impossibility. The paradox contains a fallacy that is responsible for the absurd conclusion.
Achilles and Tortoise paradox is a Falsidical Paradox.
In the paradox, Achilles is a fast runner and the tortoise is slow. If the tortoise gets a head start, Achilles can never catch up.
This is because Achilles must first reach the tortoise's starting point, but the tortoise will have already moved ahead.
No matter how quickly Achilles closes the gap, the tortoise will always open new, smaller ones. The paradox has inspired many writers and thinkers, including Lewis Carroll and Douglas Hofstadter.
The Achilles paradox is also an infinite series concept used in finance to pay off mortgages.
Veridical Paradox
A veridical paradox is a statement that seems contradictory or even false but in actuality the statement is true. Veridical paradoxes can be used to highlight the limitations of logic or to show that events don't always happen in a logical order.
Monty Hall Paradox is a Verdical Paradox.
Monty Hall asks you to choose one of three doors. One door hides a prize, and the other two doors have no prize. You state out loud which door you pick, but you don't open it right away.
Monty will always opens one of the other two doors that does not have a prize behind it. Monty then asks you if you want to switch your choice.
The correct answer is that you should switch. If you don't switch, you have a 1/3 chance of winning.
As Monty has opened door 2, you know the car is either behind door 1 (your choice) or door 3. The probability of the car being behind door 1 is 1/3. This means that the probability of the car being behind door 3 is 1 – (1/3) = 2/3. And that is why you switch.
Antinomy Paradox
An antinomy is a contradiction in our own knowledge system. It's a real or apparent contradiction between equally well-based assumptions or conclusions. Antinomies can lead to false understanding and contradicting theories.
The Liar's Paradox is a Antinomy Paradox.
The liar's paradox is a logical paradox that arises when considering statements like "This statement is false". If the statement is true, then it is false, and if it is false, then it is true.
The liar's paradox is also known as the antinomy of the liar. It is based on the idea that a person either tells the truth all the time or lies all the time. For example, if someone says "I am lying", then they are telling the truth, which means they just lied.