Saprotrophs, also known as saprophytes or decomposers, are organisms that obtain their nutrients by breaking down dead organic matter. These organisms play a crucial role in the ecosystem by decomposing dead plant and animal material, recycling nutrients, and contributing to the overall nutrient cycle.

Saprotrophs secrete enzymes that break down complex organic molecules into simpler substances, which they can then absorb and use as nutrients. Fungi, certain bacteria, and some types of protists are examples of saprotrophs. They are essential for the decomposition of organic matter, helping to release nutrients back into the soil, making them available for other living organisms.

The decomposition process carried out by saprotrophs is vital for maintaining the balance of nutrients in ecosystems and plays a key role in the overall sustainability of life on Earth.