Nutrients are substances essential for the growth, development, and maintenance of life. They provide energy, promote growth and development, regulate bodily functions, and aid in the repair and maintenance of tissues. There are six main categories of nutrients:
Carbohydrates: These are the body's main source of energy. They include sugars, starches, and fiber found in fruits, vegetables, grains, and legumes.
Proteins: Proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues, as well as for making enzymes, hormones, and other vital molecules. Good sources of protein include meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, nuts, seeds, and legumes.
Fats: Fats are also a source of energy and are important for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K). They also play a role in cell structure, hormone production, and insulation. Healthy sources of fats include avocados, nuts, seeds, olive oil, and fatty fish.
Vitamins: These are organic compounds that are crucial for various bodily functions, including metabolism, immune function, and tissue repair. There are 13 essential vitamins, each with its own specific roles and sources. They are typically found in fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and fortified foods.
Minerals: Minerals are inorganic substances that are essential for various physiological processes, such as bone formation, fluid balance, and nerve function. Common minerals include calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, and zinc, which can be obtained from a variety of foods including fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and whole grains.
Water: Water is vital for life and is involved in nearly every bodily function, including temperature regulation, digestion, nutrient transport, and waste removal. It's essential to stay hydrated by drinking fluids and consuming water-rich foods like fruits and vegetables.
Balanced nutrition involves consuming a variety of foods from each of these nutrient groups in appropriate amounts to meet individual needs and maintain optimal health.