Scale Diagram

A scale diagram is a drawing that represents an object or system proportionally reduced or enlarged while maintaining the correct ratios. It is commonly used in:

• Maps (e.g., 1 cm = 1 km)

• Blueprints (e.g., building plans)

• Physics & Engineering (e.g., force diagrams)

Atmospheric Pressure

Atmospheric pressure is the force exerted by air molecules on Earth’s surface due to gravity. It decreases as altitude increases because there are fewer air molecules at higher elevations.

Standard Atmospheric Pressure:

1 atm = 101.3 KPa = 760 mmHg = 14.7psi

Formula for Pressure:

P= F/A

• P= Pressure (Pa)

• F = Force (N)

• A = Area (m²)b

• At sea level, atmospheric pressure is highest (~101.3 kPa).

• At higher altitudes (mountains, airplanes), it’s lower, making it harder to breathe.

• Weather Forecasting – High and low-pressure systems affect weather.

• Syringes & Vacuum Seals – Use air pressure differences.

• Diving & Aviation – Pressure variations affect breathing and flight.