1. algal blooms are the result of eutrophication , which is the process that occurs when a body of water becomes enriched with nutrients .

2. the main environmental effects of eutrophication are increase of suspended particles owing to extensive macroalgal bloom , which causes decrease of water clarity .

3. eutrophication is a process that occurs when a body of water becomes too rich in nutrients which can deplete the water oxygen level .

4. natural eutrophication might take up to 100 years as natural deposition and increase in organic matter depositions take a long time , anthropogenic eutrophication is referred as process of accumulation of excess nutrients in water ecosystem due to human activities .

5. To prevent or reduce eutrophication, limit nutrient pollution by controlling agricultural runoff, reducing wastewater discharge, and promoting the use of natural buffers like wetlands.

6. Eutrophication causes excessive algae growth, which, when decomposed by bacteria, depletes oxygen in the water, leading to the formation of "dead zones" where aquatic life cannot survive.

7. Nitrogen and phosphorus act as fertilizers, promoting excessive algae growth that leads to eutrophication.

• Using fewer fertilizers: Encouraging agricultural practices that use less nitrogen and phosphorus.

• Improving wastewater treatment: Upgrading treatment plants to better remove nutrients from wastewater before it's released into water bodies.

• Buffer Strips: Planting vegetation along the edges of water bodies to absorb and filter out nutrients before they enter the water.

  
  

leaching means( washing out ) from soils any soluble chemicals that are not bound to the soil particles

it means - excess liquid flowing across the surface of land into nearby streams , creaks or pond , runoff can come from both naturally or by humans