Solids 🪨:
Arrangement: Particles are packed tightly together in a fixed pattern.
Movement: They vibrate in place but don’t move around.
Properties: Solids have a definite shape and fixed volume.
Example: Ice, rocks, or a wooden table.
Liquids 💧:
Arrangement: Particles are close together but not tightly fixed.
Movement: Particles can slide past one another, making liquids flow.
Properties: Liquids have a fixed volume but take the shape of their container.
Example: Water, milk, or juice.
Gases 🌬️:
Arrangement: Particles are spread far apart with no fixed positions.
Movement: They move quickly and freely in all directions.
Properties: Gases have no fixed shape or volume and fill their container.
Example: Air, oxygen, or steam.
Changes Between States
Matter can change states when energy is added or removed:
Heating: Solids → Liquids → Gases (Melting and Evaporation).
Cooling: Gases → Liquids → Solids (Condensation and Freezing).
Key Idea
Particles are always moving, but their movement changes with energy. Solids are stable, liquids flow, and gases spread. Understanding particles helps explain how everything in the universe behaves!
How do particles move in a gaseous state, and what are the implications of this movement?
What is the concept of kinetic energy, and how does it relate to the behavior of particles in different states of matter?
How do intermolecular forces influence the behavior of particles in solids, liquids, and gases?
What happens to the particles of a substance during a phase transition, such as melting or boiling?
How does temperature affect the speed and energy of particles in each state of matter?
What is the role of pressure in determining the behavior of particles in gases?