• A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share electron pairs. In a covalent bond, the stability of the bond comes from the shared electrostatic attraction between the two positively charged atomic nuclei and the shared, negatively charged electrons between them.

• When atoms combine by forming covalent bonds, the resulting collection of atoms is called a molecule.

• We can therefore say that a molecule is the simplest unit of a covalent compound. As we will now see, there are a variety of different ways to represent and draw molecules.

Predicting charges on monatomic cations and anions

• Did you know that you can use the periodic table to predict the charges certain elements will have when they ionize?

• For example if i have calcium bromide and have to write it chemically , we have calcium ( Ca ) and bromine ( Br ) , thus from bromine , If calcium losses 2 electrons due to electro positivity , the bromine will get 2 electrons thus calcium would be a positive ion while bromine will be a negative ion