Unit-2 chapter-7 Pg:- 74,75
Current: The same current (amount of charge flow) flows through each component in the circuit. Imagine water flowing through a pipe - the rate of flow (current) stays the same throughout the pipe (circuit).
Voltage: The total voltage of the circuit is equal to the sum of the voltage drops across each individual component. As current goes through each component, some energy is used up (resistance), and the voltage reduces. The total voltage drop is like the sum of small drops in elevation along a river.
Resistance: The total resistance of a series circuit is the sum of the resistances of all the individual components. Since it's harder for current to flow through more resistance, adding components in series makes it generally harder for current to flow overall.
String lights: If one bulb burns out in a series circuit, the entire circuit goes out because the current flow is interrupted.
Flashlight with multiple batteries: The batteries are in series to add up their voltage and power the bulb.
Fuses and circuit breakers: These safety devices are placed in series to protect circuits from excessive current.