Based on textbook/save my exam Ch:- 1 Pg:- 4,5,6,7,8,9 (All of these pages compressed into save my exam)

• While measuring anything the viewer must be directly above the reference line to be able to read the correct measure.

Parallax error: A human error that occurs when an object's position appears to shift when viewed from different angles.

• We can measure the volume of fluid in a cylinder by bending down to view the meniscus straight on; this also reduces the parallax error in the value obtained.

How to increase the accuracy of an experiment:

• Take repeat measurements of the same diameter.

• Calculating an average diameter from all these measurements.

How can we calculate volume:

Having measured the lengths of different regularly shaped objects you can:

• Convert length into standard units of meters

• Calculate the volume using the correct mathematical formula depending on the shape.

DEVICES USED IN MEASURING AND THEIR DEFINITION (exam tip)

⇸A ruler is a device used to measure small distances of a few centimeters.

⇸A tape measure is appropriate for measuring distances of a few meters.

⇸A trundle wheel is used to measure large distances up to a kilometer.

⇸A measuring cylinder is a device used to measure the volume of liquids.

⇸A stopwatch can be used to measure time intervals.

⇸Reaction time is how long it takes someone to react to an event.

average = total value/number of values

The purpose of taking multiple readings in physics is to obtain an accurate measurement value.