Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, using carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen. Here’s a simplified overview of the process:
Light Absorption: Chlorophyll, the green pigment in chloroplasts, absorbs sunlight, primarily in the blue and red wavelengths.
Water Splitting: The absorbed light energy is used to split water molecules (H₂O) into oxygen (O₂), protons (H⁺), and electrons. This occurs in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts.
Oxygen Release: The oxygen produced during water splitting is released into the atmosphere as a byproduct.
Energy Conversion: The electrons and protons generated are used in the light-dependent reactions to convert ADP and NADP+ into ATP and NADPH, which are energy carriers.
Carbon Fixation: In the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle), which occur in the stroma of the chloroplasts, ATP and NADPH are used to convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere into glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) through a series of reactions.
Glucose Formation: The end product, glucose, serves as an energy source for the plant and can be used for growth, reproduction, or stored as starch.
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How do leaves contribute to the overall health and growth of a plant?
What are some common types of leaf arrangements, and how do they benefit the plant?
How do leaves change color in the fall, and what causes this transformation?
What is the significance of stomata in the regulation of gas exchange in leaves?
1. Explain the main function of leaves & the role of stomata?
2. What are the main products of photosynthesis?
3. How is photosynthesis related to cellular respiration?