Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of matter. Each atom consists of a nucleus, made up of protons and neutrons, surrounded by a cloud of electrons. The number of protons in the nucleus determines the element and its properties.
Here are some key points about atoms:
Structure: The nucleus is dense and positively charged, while electrons are negatively charged and occupy various energy levels or orbitals around the nucleus.
Elements: The periodic table organizes elements based on their atomic number (number of protons) and chemical properties.
Isotopes: Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons, resulting in isotopes that have different mass numbers.
Chemical Bonds: Atoms can bond with each other to form molecules through ionic or covalent bonds, influencing the properties of substances.
States of Matter: Atoms can exist in different states (solid, liquid, gas) depending on temperature and pressure, which affect their arrangement and movement.
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How are isotopes of an element different from each other?
What is the role of electrons in chemical bonding?
How do atoms form molecules?
What is the difference between an ion and a neutral atom?
How does the arrangement of electrons in an atom determine its chemical properties?
What are the different models of atomic structure proposed over time?
What is the significance of the atomic number and mass number of an atom?