#PropertiesOfAcid

#Chemistry

#AcidBaseAndSalt

Introduction

• Acids have pH values of below 7, have a sour taste (when edible) and are corrosive

• Acids are substances that can neutralise a base, forming a salt and water

• When acids are added to water, they form positively charged hydrogen ions (H+)

• The presence of H+ ions is what makes a solution acidic

• Example: Hydrochloric acid

HCl (aq)   →    H+ (aq)    +    Cl- (aq)

Acids and metals

• Only metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series will react with dilute acids.

• When acids react with metals they form a salt and hydrogen gas:

acid    +    metal   →    salt    +    hydrogen

• The name of the salt is related to the name of the acid used, as it depends on the anion within the acid

  
  

Acids with bases

• Metal oxides and metal hydroxides (alkalis) can act as bases

• When they react with acid, a neutralisation reaction occurs

• In all acid-base neutralisation reactions, salt and water are produced

acid    +    base   →    salt    +    water

Acids with metal carbonates

• Acids will react with metal carbonates to form the corresponding metal salt, carbon dioxide and water:

acid  +  metal carbonate → salt  +  carbon dioxide  +  water