Thermometer

• Liquid - in - glass thermometers:

  • These thermometers rely on the principle that liquids expand when heated. 

  • They consist of a glass bulb containing a liquid (usually mercury or alcohol) and a narrow glass tube with a scale. 

  • As the temperature increases, the liquid expands and rises up the tube, allowing for temperature measurement. 

  • Mercury thermometers: are commonly used for laboratory purposes. 

  • Alcohol thermometers: are used in clinical settings. 

  
  

• Bimetallic strips:

  • These strips are made of two different metals that expand at different rates when heated. 

  • When heated, the strip bends, and this bending can be used to indicate temperature. 

  
  

• Thermocouple thermometers:

  • These thermometers use the principle that a temperature difference between two different metals produces a voltage. 

  • The voltage produced is proportional to the temperature difference, allowing for temperature measurement. 

  
  

• When two different metals are joined together and one end of the junction is heated or cooled, a voltage is generated. This voltage is proportional to the temperature difference between the two ends of the junction.

• Liquid in glass Thermometer ~ These are commonly used in laboratories and for general temperature measurement.

• Thermocouples are used to measure temperature, especially when dealing with rapidly changing or very high temperatures, as they offer a fast response and a wide temperature range.

• Bimetallic thermometers are used to measure temperatures between −75°C and +1500°C.

Specific Heat Capacity and Specific Latent Heat

Waves