Finite Resources & Unlimited Wants
The basic economic problem is that resources are scarce.
-In economics, these resources are called the factors of production.
There are finite resources available in relation to the infinite wants and needs that humans have:
-Needs are essential to human life e.g. shelter, food, clothing.
-Wants are non-essential desires e.g. better housing, a yacht etc..
Due to the problem of scarcity, choices have to be made by producers, consumers, workers and governments about the best (most efficient) use of these resources.
Economics is the study of scarcity and its implications for resource allocation in society.
All Stakeholders in an Economy Face The Basic Economic Problem
Economic & Free Goods
Economic goods are scarce in relation to the demand for them.
-This makes them valuable.
-Due to their value, producers will attempt to supply them in order to make a profit.
-Anything that has a price tag on it is an economic good e.g. oil, corn, gold, trainers, watches and bicycles.
Free goods are abundant in supply.
-Due to this abundance, it is not possible to make a profit from supplying free goods.
-Drinking water has been a free good for thousands of years, but as the population increases & water sources become more polluted, it has become an economic good.
-E.g. sunlight, the air we breathe, sea water.
What is the role of opportunity cost in the context of finite resources and unlimited wants?
How does the concept of scarcity influence economic decision-making?
What are some strategies to manage finite resources effectively?
Can you explain how the basic economic problem affects both individuals and societies?