Neutralisation is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react quantitatively to form water and a salt.
Definition: Neutralisation is the process where an acid and a base react to form water and a salt.
General Equation: Acid + Base → Salt + Water.
Example Reaction: Hydrochloric acid (HCl) + Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) → Sodium chloride (NaCl) + Water (H₂O).
pH Change: During neutralisation, the pH of the solution moves towards 7 (neutral), depending on the strength of the acid and base involved.
Heat Release: The reaction is usually exothermic, meaning it releases heat.
Application in Titration: Neutralisation is a key concept in titration, a method to determine the concentration of an acid or base in a solution.
Everyday Examples:
Antacids: Neutralise stomach acid to relieve heartburn.
Agriculture: Lime (calcium carbonate) is used to neutralise acidic soils.
Water Treatment: Neutralisation of acidic wastewater to prevent environmental damage.
Indicators: Substances like litmus or phenolphthalein are used to indicate the completion of the neutralisation reaction by changing color.
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Neutralisation
Neutralisation
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