EMS-Managing natural hazard, page no 153

What are earthquakes:

An earthquake is the shaking of the surface of Earth due to the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust.

Regions at risk from earthquakes can be identified by studying plate tectonics but predicting earthquakes is very difficult and preventing probably impossible. But here's what can be done:

Prediction for earthquakes:

• Instruments such as seismometers can monitor tremors. Groundwater levels and radon gas can also be measured.

• Epicentres and the frequency of past events can be mapped to see if a pattern is developing.

• Measurements of local magnetic fields.

• Unusual animal behaviour.

• A hazard zone map can be drawn based on geological information and ground stability.

Protection and preparation against earthquakes:

• Earthquakes proof or aseismic building. Older buildings can be retrofitted.

• Smart meters that cut off gas supplies to prevent fires.

• Land-use planning: Important services such as schools and hospitals and built in low areas.

  
  

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