Chapter - 9
Pages Covered - 39-41
Market equilibrium refers to the position where the demand for a product is equal to the supply of the product.
Market disequilibrium occurs when the quantity demanded for a product is either higher or lower than the quantity supplied. Disequilibrium is inefficient as it means there are either shortages or surpluses.
If the selling price of a product is set too low (that is, below the equilibrium price), then demand will exceed supply . This excess demand creates a shortage in the market.
If the price is set too high (above the market clearing price), then supply will exceed demand. This results in a surplus, known as excess supply.
Checklist
Market equilibrium refers to the position where the demand for a product is equal to the supply of the product.
At the equilibrium price, there is neither excess quantity demanded nor excess quantity supplied.
Market disequilibrium occurs when the quantity demanded for a product is either higher or lower than the quantity supplied.
Excess demand refers to a situation where the market price is below the equilibrium price. This results in shortages. Excess supply refers to a situation where the market price is above the equilibrium price. This results in surpluses.